Human Agency Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Human Agency - Essay Example As the paper declares with regard to religion, resistance is seen in the manner that the natives secretly preserved their old religion, while at the same time adopting Christian symbols. While the arrival of Franciscan Friars brought with them the goal of converting natives into Christianity, this goal was did not materialize in the manner that the friars predicted, such that conversion was only minimal. What resulted instead was a Mayan version of Christianity where natives held the belief that Jesus, with his Mayan lords will return to the region to cleanse it with foreign influence This essay stresses that Clendinnen frequently referred to a â€Å"confusion of tongues† which prevailed since the onset of the two cultures’ first encounter wherein a â€Å"strong evidence of...riddling messages, and deliberate and conscious endeavors to sustain their own accounts of things† was deliberately carried out by the natives to keep Spanish comprehension of their â€Å"complex web of understanding† limited. Communication not only became a problem for the Spaniards; but they also had a limited understanding of Mayan warfare. the use of torture by the friars in forcing the conversion of the natives also lead to an economic resistance, where oppressed natives sought refuge from the encomenderos, who were themselves rivals of the friars. Placing the natives in a position where they can, at least potentially, threaten the stability of the economic system imposed by the Spaniards.

Research Methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Research Methods - Essay Example Discriminant validity is the extent to which the new measure correlates poorly with measures of different, unrelated constructs. It involves conducting a correlational test between the scores of the new measure with the scores of a measure whose construct the test measure does not assess. The result should show little or no correlation. Construct validity is the extent to which a measure of a construct actually assesses what it is intended to assess. Constuct validity results when the measure possesses both convergent and discriminant validities. Test-retest reliability involves the administration of the test measure to numerous respondents comprising a large sample at two different instances. If the measure is reliable, then answers will be consistent for the two test times. The set of answers in both times could be tested by statistical correlation, and if the correlation coefficient is 0.80 or above, then the measure is deemed reliable. Internal consistency reliability is a method of testing whether all the items within a measure consistently measure the same thing. To determine internal consistency, a series correlation tests would be conducted among all the items in the measure with every other item. The average interitem correlation coefficient should be higher than 0.80 for internal consistency to be reliable. In order to improve upon reliability and validity, the correlational tests suggested in the foregoing may be conducted. The test scores should be obtained from a test sample from the intended population, but which will not form part of the actual research